The Depression and the Nazis

1. Look carefully at Sources 3-7 and 9. For each source, write two sentences explaning whether you think it is evidence that:

• Supports the view of Goebbels
• Supports the view of Craig
• Could be used to support either interpretation

Source 3:

This source is in favor of communists. This is because it's a scale showing that since the Nazis have been rising in power, the numbers of unemployed have risen greatly.

Source 4:

This source is in favor of the Nazis. This is because the person who was speaking in this quote said that the discipline of the SA troops won many people over because they were taking the situation Germany was in very seriously.

Source 5:

This source was in favor of the Nazis. This is because it's a poster for a festival against the Treaty of Versailles being organized by the Nazis. This poster is supposed to be a German man that is trapped by the Treaty.

Source 6:

This is Favor of the Nazi party. This is because its a rally for the Nazis, Joseph Goebbles was probably making a Pro-Nazi speech.

Source 7:

Source 7 is against the Communist party.It's Propaganda aimed at the Communists by the Nazis making the communists look lazy or stupid to deter voting towards the communist part.

Source 9:
This source is Pro- Nazi. This poster is to convince the public that the Nazis will make changes that are for the better of the community.

2. Now work through the text and other sources on pages 191-94. Make a list of examples and evidence that seem to support either viewpoint.

Source 8:

• Hitler states that he is "intolerant" because he is tired of there being 30 political parties.
• Hitler wants the Nazis to be the only party.

Source 10:

• An eye witness to one of Hitlers speeches didn't like him from the start.
• said that Hitler had a scratchy voice.
• Thought Hitler would shout his simplistic views to make them seem more important or intelligent.

Source 11:

• The Reich Interior Minister didn't like either the Nazis or the communists.
• He thought that both parties were damaging to the current state of Germany.

3. Decide how far you agree with each of the following three statements and give them a score on a scale of 1-5. And then, write a short paragraph explaining your score for each statement.

a. Very few people fully supported the Nazis (Score = ) Explanation:
Score=2. I think that many people supported to Nazis but not fully. I think this because in the state that Germany was in it was very easy to find someone to support. But many people were skeptical of anyone trying to take control because it was easy for the situation Germany was in to get worse.

b. The Key factor was the economic depression. Without it, the Nazis would have remained a minority fringe party. (Score = ) Explanation:
Score=4. Without the economic depression the Nazis wouldn't have very much to use in their speeches that the citizens could relate to. The Nazi Propaganda was mainly based on the terrible state Germany was in. If there was no economic melt down then most of the public probably wouldn't have listened to Hitler of Goebbles.

c. The politicians of the Weimar Republic were mainly responsible for the rise of the Nazis

(Score = ) Explanation:

Score=3. Its hard to say if the politicians were to blame for the rise of the Nazis because there are so many reasons for the Nazi party taking control. It might have helped if politicians all aimed at the Nazis. But because of everything that was going on much of the public might not have listened to what the government said about the Nazis because the Nazis talked so much about fixing the Economy.

Nazi Ideology

The Nazi Ideology was a combination of Extreme Nationalism, racism and some Socialism. The Nazis believed that the loss of the war and that Treaty of Versailles was to blame for the state of Germany at the time. The Nazis were very Pro Germany in a way that they felt that they were the "pure race". The Nazis believed that only people of "pure blood" would be able to be a citizen of Germany, this meant that no Jews would be able to live in Germany. The Nazis wanted more territory and wants Austria to become a part of Germany, it is hard to say what the people of Jewish decent that were living in Austria would do.

The Nazis believed that German citizens should only buy products made in Germany to improve the economical state of Germany. The person that the Nazis would answer to was the Fuhrer which was Adolf Hitler. He became the Fuhrer because of his amazing talent of giving very persuasive and influencing speeches. The Nazi Ideology was very different from the Wiemar Republic which many people believed wasn't helping the state of Germany at the time. This caused many people to support the Nazi Ideology in hopes that it would greatly improve the Economical, Political and social state of Germany.

The Munich Putsch and the Nazis 25-Point Program

The Munich Putsch

The Munich Putsch is mostly considered to be a failure. The reasons that it was unsuccessful are that it was poorly planned, the Nazis underestimated the members of the Bavarian Government in thinking that they would all just surrender and because Hitler and Ludendorff didn't have a plan for what they would do if the Munich Putsch didn't go as well as planned. Hitler and Ludendorff thought that the mission was plane and simple, they thought that they would storm the Beer Hall and everybody including Lossow and Gustav would surrender the second Hitler fired his pistol. They also intended that Lossow and Gustav would keep their word for supporting the March on Berlin.

the Nazis 25-Point Program

The main ideas of the Nazis 25-point Program were considered to be very extreme for example the Nazis felt that all criminals should be put to death. The 25-Point Program consisted of extreme nationalism and racism with some socialist aspects. The Nazis wanted to combine Austria and Germany so to have more land for German citizens. They also felt that only people of there race should be aloud to be a citizen of Germany, this meant that Jews would not be aloud to live in Germany.

The Nazis were very much against the treaty of Versailles and thought that it should be "destroyed" because they felt that it was unfair and only further damaging the state of Germany. They felt that everybody who was a citizen of Germany must work and the Nazis encouraged all German citizen to buy items and food that was made in Germany.

Mein Kampf

(5) Hitler believed that propaganda could easily damage the views of the people it is aimed at but just as easily damage the view of the people it is not. When the Americans made political cartoons of the Germans, the Germans we portrayed as barbarians. This prepared the American soldiers to fight something that is much stronger rather then a bunch of lazy Germans.

(9) Hitler believed that it was wrong of the German people to blame the state of the country on the loss of WWI. He thought that the German people blaming their own country for the collapse of the economy would further weaken the state of Germany. Hitler believed that it was the Jewish views that caused the German people to think that the state of Germany was because of the loss of WWI, Hitler believe that it was the Jewish bankers that took advantage of the state of the economy.

(22) Hitler believed that people work four thousands of years to build up a "pure blood". Hitler states that when a higher blood mates with a lower blood then it creates a medium which in a way raises the blood of the lower blood but at the same time can ruin the blood of the higher blood on one swift blow. Hitler believes that races should not mix with other races and that when they do mix it can cause complications for the "pure blood".

Hitler's Backround

1907-1913

• drifts for 6 years.
• lives in Jewish quarters.
• develops anti-Semitic and anti-Marxism views.

Aug. 1914 war breaks out

• joins the Bavarian regiment.
• thought he found his purpose in life and was considered an exemplary soldier.
• only mad it to corporal, was considered to lack leadership qualities.

1916

• Hitler was wounded and awarded the iron cross, second and first class.

1918

• gassed and then hospitalized.
• this is when he hears of Germany's defeat.
• Hitler feel's betrayed.

1919

• employed as a Bavarian spy.
• goes to a German workers party (DAP) and becomes a committee member.

1920

• with DAP leader Drexler, draws up 25-point programme.
• Changes names to NSDAP.
• Hitlers powerful speeches help build up membership.

1921

• becomes chairman and fuhrer.
• sets up the SA.

1922

• Hitler is let of leniently after being convicted of breaking up a meeting.

Hitler had a very challenging life before he took power. In 1907 Hitler was very poor and found himself roaming for about 6 years from the slums in Vienna to living in Jewish quarters. This is when it is said that Hitler obtained his Anti-Semitic and Anti-Marxism views. In 1914 Hitler joined the Bavarian Regiment and thought that he had found his purpose as a soldier. Sadly he only made it to the rank as corporal because it was said that he "lacked leadership qualities." In 1916 Hitler was wounded and awarded the Iron cross, second and first class. In 1918 Hitler was gassed and then Hospitalized, it is here that he discovered that Germany had been defeated. Hitler felt very betrayed.

In 1919 Hitler was employed as a Bavarian spy and went a German workers party (DAP) and became a committee. In 1920 Hitler and the DAP leader Drexler draw up the 25-point programme and the Name the of Party is changed from DAP to NSDAP. Hitler uses his powerful speeches to help build up membership. In 1921 Hitler is appointed chairman, Fuhrer and sets up the SA (storm-troopers). In 1922 Hitler is let off leniently after being convicted of breaking up a meeting. Its these and many more reasons that are believed to have contributed Hitlers rise to power up to 1923.

Chalenges facing Ebert when he took over Germany in 1918

Social Challenges

• Germany has a revolution that made Germany a democratic republic - The Weimar Republic.
• Woman were called up to work, many people saw this as damaging to the traditional family values and society as a whole.
• There was a major gap between the rich and the poor.

Economic challenges

• Huge gaps between the rich and the poor.
• national income was 1/3 was it used to be.
• factories were becoming rich off of the war while families would suffer because the husband would die in the war leaving the wife to look after many children.

Political challenges

• Kaiser was abdicated
• most politisions were unenthusiastic about the changes in the government.

The impact of the war

• Germany was virtually bankrupt.
• The war had deepened divisions in german society.
• Million could not support themselves or their own kids because of dead family members.

Homework 09/27

1. Germans were not aware of the situation in 1919.
Germany thought that they only agreed to a ceasefire. Germany thought that if it was to be considered a defeat then they would have been at the Paris Peace Conference to negotiate peace. Germany did not have a choice to deny or accept the harsh treaty.

2. War guilt and reparations
Germany did not like that they were blamed and fined for all of the consequences of the war. Germany was willing to take a lot of the blame for starting the war but did not feel that it was fair for the League of Nations to say that every bit of the war was Germany's fault and that they must pay billions in reparations including loss of land and a major part of its army.

3. Disarmament
This angered Germany because it meant that it's number of troops could not be above 100,000 which is very small for the size of the country.


4. German territories
Germany was forced to give up a huge portion of its land. Some was given to France and made a no-fire zone and other parts were mad into other countries such as Poland.

5. Fourteen Points and League
Germany felt that the Treaty was not sticking to Wilson's 14 points. Germany was also very insulted by the fact that they were not invited into the League of Nations.


6. Double Standards?

Germany felt that the treaty was too harsh but most people felt that all of the issues Germany would list explaining why it was too harsh were mostly self-inflicted.

HW 09/26

Georges Clemenceau (France)

Attitude towards Germany:

• believed that Germany was responsible for the war and should be punished
• saw Germany as a huge threat because of its larger numbers

Main Aim:
Wanted Germany broken up into many different states so that it would be harder for Germany to start another war.



How he felt about the treaty
He felt like the treaty was a great way to make Germany suffer for what Germany did and so it can never try attacking France again.

Woodrow Wilson (United States)

Attitude towards Germany:

• He sees Germany as a country that once strong again would want revenge
• He thinks that Germany should pay for what it did but doesn't want the treaty to be too harsh
  

Main Aim:
To build a better and more peaceful world from the ruins of the great war


How he felt about the treaty
He wanted to punish Germany but at the same time didn't want the treaty to be to harsh


David Lloyd George (Great Britain)

Attitude towards Germany:

• believed that Germany was responsible for the war and should be punished
• Believed that Germany should lose it's Navy
• Doesn't want the country to want revenge
  

Main Aim:
He wants Germany to understand that what it did was wrong and that it should be punished but at the same times fears that if Germany's punishment is to harsh then Germany will be more likely to want revenge once it gains power again.



How he felt about the treaty:
He is about in the middle. He thinks that Germany should be punished but fears of what might happen in the future if the treaty is to harsh.


Main Terms of the Treaty of Versailles against Germany

2. Read pages 18 - 19. Summarize the main terms of the Treaty of Versailles:

War Guilt: Germany having to accept the fact the the war was it's own fault.



Reparations: A fine that had to be paid by Germany to cover the costs of supplies buildings and lost troops.



German Territories and Colonies: Germany's oversea empire had been taken away. Former German colonies were controlled by the League of Nations.



Germany's Armed Forces: The size of Germany's army was a huge concern to most of the other countries. The treaty made it so Germany's number of troops was greatly lower then it was before.



League of Nations:
The League of Nations was basically the world police.

IBHL History HW P.S. i posted this to the wrong blog yesterday by accident

1. Using the documents in Chapter 1 as evidence, list the ways in which conditions in Germany worsened during the war.

• Higher food prices
• German soldiers started a mutiny
• Soldiers didn't agree with the war

2. Give two reasons why the war caused such bad conditions for German civilians.

• Food was scarce because most of the food was sent to feed the soldiers that were fighting for Germany. This caused many illegal anti-war protests.
• Food prices spiked making food harder to purchase especially for the woman who didn't work and their husbands were fighting in the was

3. After reading Chapter 2, give two reasons why Kaiser Wilhelm abdicated on November 10, 1918.

• Nobody would listen to his orders.
• Soldiers, workers and sailors were starting to revolt against him and the only way to stop it was to step down.

4. Using the information you have read in this chapter, give evidence to support the statement that there was "revolution all over Germany."

The soldiers, workers and sailors refused to listen to Kaiser and wouldn't work or follow orders until something changed or Kaiser stepped down.


5. Study the information about the German Socialists in Chapter 2, page 5. What did the three Socialist groups have in common?
They all wanted to increase workers' conditions.



6. In what ways were the Socialist groups different.
The social democratic party wanted to get it's point across by supporting the government. The Independent socialists wanted to do the same by opposing the government and the Spartacists want to get their point across by revolting against the government.



7. After reading Chapter 3 make a time chart of the events of the German Revolution from Nov. 10, 1918 to Jan. 15, 1919. You should be able to find six events.
11/10/1918- Governor was changed from kaiser to Friedrich Ebert
12/23/1918- Ebert was held hostage by gunpoint by 1000 hungry and underpaid sailors

12/31/1918- the Spartacists changed their name to German Communist Party

1/06/1919- the Spartacists started their revolution
1/10/1919- 2000 ex-soldiers attacked the spartacists
1/15/1919- Rosa Luxemberg and her fellow leader Karl Liebknecht were arrested
8. At what time would you say the Communists had their best chance of seizing power? Explain your answer.

When almost every German civilian, soldier and sailor started to revolt would have been the best time for communism to take over because the idea of equal food and wealth seems like it would very much appeal to the Germans at the time.

Hw

1. Define "The West." Make sure you could identify several countries as examples.

The term given to the capitalist countries of western and north America during the cold war.

2. Explain the differences in the economicideology between the West and the USSR.
In the west the people there are different classes based on how much money a person makes for themselfs and family. In the USSR there is one class supported by everyone in the country.

3. Explain the differences in the politicalideology between the West and the USSR.
In the west the public gets many rights, such as the freedome of religion. In the ussr everyone is the same with no need for different political parties.

4. What was the Comintern (Communist International) and why did it concern the West.
It was to aid the rise in comunism and aid the calapse of capitalism. This would obviously be considered a threat to any capitalist country

5. What occurred during the Russian Civil War (1918-21) that solidified the opposition between the West and the Communists? (Be specific and use key details.)

The whites wished to prevent the establishment of Bolshevik. The west was alao very hostil tawards the idea of comunism and contemplated military action whenever possible.

homework 09/06/11

1. List the general goals of the:

a. socialists
create a classless society to stop the suffering of the workers and peasants. To take the "means of production" from the owners and make them state-run.
b. liberal reformers
believed that they could take the western constitutional practices and the "rule of law" to solve Russia's problems.

2. List three characteristics of serfs' lives.
a. they live in small villages
b. in poverty
c. Farmer's

3. List four reforms of Tsar Alexander II.
1. millions of serf's were liberated
2.the land that belonged to the ex-serf-holder's was allotted to peasant communities
3.the serf's were granted personal freedom
4. a new system of land transference was established

4. Why did the populists go "to the people" in 1873-1874?
To convince them to start a revolution telling them that it for for their down trotted family


5. List two consequences of the famine of 1891.
it effected 36 million peasants.
the Russian economy was dependent on foreign currency

6. Why was Karl Marx important to Russian intellectuals?
they were attracted by it's "sociological and economical optimism".


7. What were the Goals and Methods of the following political groups in early twentieth century Russia? (see page 8 of the reading)
a. Liberal Democrats
Valued individual liberty
They used support of workers and peasants to start a revolution.


b. Socialist Revolutionaries
slogan was "land and liberty"
socialized all land and transferred it into communes

c. Social Democrats
wanted to form a radical party to start a revolution

8. How did Bloody Sunday change people's attitudes toward the Tsar?
he was no longer considered a "benevolent protector"


9. List four reforms in Tsar Nicholas's October Manifesto.
An expansion of civil liberties
A limited monarchy
A legislature elected by universal suffrage

and legalization or trade unions and political parties.